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Last modified: 2021-08-25 by rob raeside
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![[Banner Territorio Libre De Analfabetismo]](../images/c/cu_lit.jpg)
image located by William Garrison, 03 February 2013
Cuban Revolution Fidel Castro Banner Territorio Libre De Analfabetismo
Original.
http://www.ebay.com/itm/160881676086.
This is an original Banner from Cuba. Circa 1959 Pre Embaro as defined by OFAC
regulations. It was the fight against illiteracy.
Territorio Libre De
Analfabetismo.
The banner is about 29 x 16. inches.
William Garrison, 03 February 2013
"Cuban Literacy Campaign (Spanish: Campaña Nacional de Alfabetización en Cuba)
was a year-long effort to abolish illiteracy in Cuba after the Cuban Revolution.
It began on January 1 and ended on December 22, 1961, becoming the world's most
ambitious and organized literacy campaign."
Sources:
https://es.wikiMiamipedia.org/wiki/Campa%C3%B1a_Nacional_de_Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n_en_Cuba
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Literacy_Campaign
The Banner (Flag) "Territorio Libre De Analfabetismo" had flag variants
according to the recently "liberated" zones (from illiteracy) ("liberated", in
regard to the military term used in guerrilla warfare of liberating zones,
conducted as a military-based campaign, with Brigades, etc.).
This
additional flag belongs to the Municipality of San Juan y Martínez, in the
Pinar del
Río Province.
Source:
http://tvsanjuan.blogia.com/2010/122404-aporte-sanjuanero-a-la-campana-de-alfabetizacion.php
Esteban Rivera, 21 October 2015
![[Federación Estudiantil Universitaria]](../images/c/cu}feu.gif)
image by Ivan Sache, 17 January 2015
The "Federación Estudiantil Universitaria" (FEU - University Students'
Federation) was founded on 20 December 1922 by the students' leader Julio
Antonio Mella (1903-1929). Considered as the oldest mass organization in Cuba,
the FEU has more than 25,000 members.
Julio Antonio Mella, an anti-imperialist militant close to the Communist
International, published on 10 January 1923 the Manifesto of the FEU. Divided
into seven claims, the manifesto demanded the reform of University of Havana
"according to the norms that regulate such institutes in the main countries of
the civilized world", the improvement of material and administrative conditions,
an autonomous status for the university, the explicit definition of the duties
of the professors, and the official recognition of the FEU as a representative
organization. On 20 May 1925, General Gerardo Machado (1871-1939), President of
the Republic (1925-1933), declared the Communist Party and the FEU illegal in
Cuba. Mella was expelled from the Havana University and jailed.
Released on 26 December 1926, he exiled to Mexico, where he carried on the
struggle, planning an armed insurrection in Cuba. He was assassinated on 10
January 1929; the people behind the murder -most probably, either Machado or the
Stalinist faction of the Communist International - were never identified.
Source:
http://unguajiroilustrado.com/2012/11/08/manifiesto-de-la-federacion-estudiantil-universitaria/
- Manifesto of the FEU
The flag of FEU is dark red with the big, white letters "FEU" in the middle.
Photos:
http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2012/12/20/una-universidad-que-implique-la-participacion-de-todos/#.VF3y6xygpfx
http://www.cmhw.cu/index.php/noticias/noticiasnacionales/4868-crece-la-feu-en-26-mil-200-universitarios
http://www.juventudrebelde.cu/multimedia/fotografia/generales/celebraran-cumpleanos-87-de-la-federacion-estudiantil-universitaria/
http://www.mariodcabrera.com/2013/05/cuba-piden-universitarios-cubanos.html
http://www.albertoyoan.com/2008/12/celebran-aniversario-86-de-la.html
http://unguajiroilustrado.com/2012/11/08/manifiesto-de-la-federacion-estudiantil-universitaria/
http://www.juventudrebelde.cu/cuba/2010-04-26/el-primero-de-mayo-contara-con-el-valor-y-la-fuerza-de-la-feu-/
http://oclaeamericalatina.blogspot.fr/2011/02/foto-reportaje-de-la-convocatoria-al.html
http://www.cubarte.cult.cu/periodico/noticias/a-la-fragua-este-viernes-en-marcha-de-las-antorchas/161081.html
http://soydelastunas.blogspot.fr/2010/12/otro-cumpleanos-de-la-feu.html
http://www.cmhw.cu/index.php/noticias/provinciales/2803-abanderada-la-delegacion-villaclarena-al-octavo-congreso-de-la-feu
http://www.tribuna.co.cu/capitalinas/2011-12-20/feu-vanguardia-revolucionaria
Ivan Sache, 17 January 2015
![[Marx and Lenin name flags]](../images/c/cu!len.gif)
image by
António Martins-Tuválkin, 26 September 2010
![[Marx and Lenin name flags]](../images/c/cu!mrx.gif)
image by
António Martins-Tuválkin, 26 September 2010
A cuban postage stamp issued in 1986 for 20 centavos to commemorate the
25th anniversary of the "socialist character" of the revolution (image; FotW stamp with flags
Nº 01754; Stanley Gibbons 3169) shows two red flags with
leaders' names on the upper hoist - Marx and Lenin.
These are not official Cuban political flags in any capacity, and indeed likely
to never have been used as such, inspite of showing on an official document in
unmistakable flag form (flagoids), even paired with another stamp which depicts
the national flag (FotW stamp with flags
Nº 01422;
Stanley Gibbons 3168).
This is not unlike the case of decorative often unofficial but used officially
communist flags with leaders' likenesses.
In the case of this Cuban postage stamp, the flags are stylized - the fluttering
edge suggests a dove outline, the shades of red used are different, and the
names are white (not yellow/golden), set in sans serif capitals. The Marx flag
is slightly purplish and the Lenin flag slightly orange, I'm guessing that's
to make them stand against each other, not with any political overtone.
António Martins-Tuválkin, 26 September 2010
image by Eugene Ipavec, 8 December 2005
.gif)
image from www.alpha66.org
Coat of Arms
Anti-Cuban Guerrilla Movement "Alpha 66" official flag at www.alpha66.org.
E. R., 24 May 2001
Alpha 66 is a Cuban political group who did carry guerrilla
expeditions not againts Cuba but against the communist regime.
None of his members consider himself anti-Cuban, actually they
consider themselves very good Cubans by opposing a dictatorship.
Juan Martin, 1 April 2002
The emblem of the movement was designed by Cuban artist José
María Mijares. This armed movement has offices in Florida,
California, New York and New Jersey.
E. R., 8 December 2005
image by Eugene Ipavec, 3 August 2006
Anti-Castro group "2506 Brigade" flag at www.brigada2506.com and www.autentico.org.
E. R., 14 January 2002
![[Cuba 26 July Movement]](../images/c/cu}cf4.gif)
image by Jaume Ollé and Eugene Ipavec, 21
September 2005
I have some information on an opposition Cuban group settled
in the United States that calls itself "Comandos F-4".
The source is an article in Spanish on the "Miami
Times" that appeared in 2003 with a story on the group. On
the newspaper article as well as on the internet, the name of
Rodolfo Frometa appears as the front man of this group.
E. R., 7 April 2004
The flag is green-red-black-green. The hoist triangle is blue. Information on
this group as translated from www.comandosf4.org:
"The F4 commandos are a group of men, women and children who
dream and fight for the freedom of Cuba.
F4 commandos are worthy, combative, fragile, painful and
self-sacrificing, a weapon always aimed toward the horizon,
seeking the perfect target to liberate Cuba from all the fears,
all the pain, all the betrayals of the tyrant that humiliates it,
oppresses it, jails it and murders it. The F4 commandos are a
dream full of love for their motherland, and a great sacrifice
for all those that have joined it and have dedicated their souls
to its great cause: to see their people free again of their
chains.
In genetics, "F4" means the union of two components to
make of them something better, in this case the best of those in
exile, united for the best of the Cuban people."
E.R. and Eugene Ipavec, 21 September 2005
In a breeding scheme, F4 means the fourth generation (I guess
that F stands for fertilization) of descendants after the initial
crossing between two parents P, which gave the F1 generation.
Using individuals from the F1 as parents gives F2 etc. Whether
the result of the cross is better than the mean of the parents
(heterosis effect) depends on the selected character and on its
genetic determinism.
Ivan Sache, 30 August 2005
image
by Ivan Sache , 22 December 1999
I just stumbled on www.autentico.org
. It is the site of the 'Organización Auténtica' - I don't know
whether it is Cuban or not.
Jarig Bakker , 22 December 1999
It is listed by Smith (1975) [smi75c]
as a Cuban party. I guess it is a satellite of the Cuban
communist party or one of the pseudo-non-communist parties, if
any.
Ivan Sache , 22 December 1999
In regards to the Partido Auténtico, it was a political party
prior to 1959 when Castro took power. It was the rival of the
Partido Ortodoxo with which Castro sympathized.
Carlos M. Ramos , 7 Febuary 2000
The Autentico Party was a populist, almost social democrat
party created in the 1930's. They had two elected presidents
(Grau 1944-48. and Prio 1948-52, the second was ousted by a
putsch). While much can be said about his leadership (or lack of)
the Autentico gobernments respected free enterprise, free press,
didn't try to control unions, allowed the existence of political
parties (including the communist one, called at the time PSP
Partido Socialista Popular).
Juan Martin, 1 April 2002
Cuban Exiled Armed Organizations can be reached at cuban-exile.com.
OMEGA 7 (Anti-Castro brigade) at cuban-exile.com/doc0011.htm.
Esteban Rivera, 14 January 2002
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