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Last modified: 2019-06-04 by rob raeside
Keywords: royal standard | house of hanover | hanover |
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1714 Royal Standard; 1st. England/Scotland. 2nd France. 3rd Ireland. 4th Hanover. 1810 Royal Standard: 1st and 4th England. 2nd Scotland. 3rd Ireland. Hanover inescutcheon. [Mead (1971)]
David Prothero, 25 September 2002
Navy Office, 27 October 1761, Alterations upon the Royal Standard of England (as described for George I), denote the Flag for the Royal persons under-mentioned:
Added note: On 20 July 1816 all the above endorsed, "These alterations are
not now to be depended on"
[Source: Mead (1971)]
David Prothero, 25 September 2002
As Elector of Hanover George I placed the arms of Hanover in the fourth quarter: Tierced pale gules two lions passant guardant or (Brunswick), a crowned lion rampant azure on a field or semé de hearts gules (Luneburg), and gules a horse argent (Westphalia), with a heart shield gules the traditional crown of Charlemagne or. (3:4) [Neubecker (1932), Evans (1970)]
From Mead (1971):
About the description "red canton", I
have seen illustrations of these arms (one or the other). The "cantons" are red
squares/rectangles on the upper hoist (dexter chief) of the points of the label;
I think they took up at least one quarter of the "point", because anything less
would be hard to see.
Source: Neubecker (1977)
Dean McGee, 25 September 2002
![[Royal Standard
1816-1866 (Hanover, Germany)]](../images/g/gb_ha801.gif)
image by Theo van der Zalm modified by Santiago Dotor
Flag adopted 1801, abolished 1816.
Quartered England, Scotland, Ireland, England; on the whole the coat of arms of Hanover
with a hat [an electoral cap].
Pascal Vagnat, 13 November 1996
In 1800 Ireland came into the union, and in 1801 George III gave up the claim to the French throne. [I believe there was a treaty involved, but I cannot now recall which.]. This resulted in a new flag: Quartered England, Scotland, and Ireland, with a heart-shield of Hanover that was ensigned with an elector cap. (4:5) [Evans (1970), Siegel (1912), von Volborth (1985)]
The need for new arms must already have been felt in 1800, and one would expect a request to devise these would have been given already before the
claim on France was dropped. The end result may have incorporated both changes at ones, but one cannot help but wonder what 1800-1801 arms might
have looked like. [Evans (1970), Siegel (1912)]
Peter Hans van den Muijzenberg, 24 April 2002
According to an article entitled "The disappearance of the fleurs-de-lys" from Heraldica, "There is a story that the quarter of France was dropped to satisfy the demands of Napoleon at the peace of Amiens (J. H. Pinches, Royal Heraldry of England), or "in compliance with one of the articles of the Treaty of Paris" (Oxford Guide to Heraldry, p. 189). These claims are rather fanciful, since the Treaty of Paris dates from 1783, and the Treaty of Amiens was signed in March 1802; neither treaty making any mention of the matter. The claim to the throne of France was recognized by many as silly, especially since, as of 1792, there was no throne of France to claim (although Britain had yet to recognize this in international law; it did so with the treaty of Amiens). In fact the dropping of the quartering for France occurred Jan. 1, 1801, in connection with the Act of Union with Ireland. "The Act of Union between Great Britain and Ireland took effect on January 1, 1801. The 1st article of the Act states: That it be the first Article of the Union of the Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland, that the said Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland shall, upon the 1st day of January which shall be in the year of our Lord 1801, and for ever after, be united into one Kingdom, by the name of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; and that the royal style and titles appertaining to the Imperial Crown of said United Kingdom and its dependencies; and also the ensigns, armorial flags and banners thereof shall be such as H. M. by his Royal Proclamation under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom, shall be pleased to appoint. "
For the relevant proclamation see this webpage.
Ned Smith, 28 April 2002
[Use continued to 1837]
![[Royal Standard
1816-1866 (Hanover, Germany)]](../images/g/gb_ha816.gif)
image by Theo van der Zalm modified by Santiago Dotor
Based on Neubecker 1932, p. 60.
Flag adopted 1816, abolished as royal standard in Great Britain
1837 (as Royal Standard of Hanover in
1866). As the 1801-1816 banner but with a
[royal] crown instead of the hat [electoral cap].
Pascal Vagnat, 13 November 1996
In the escutcheon the two golden lions in red represent Brunswick; the blue
lion on gold surrounded by red hearts represent Lüneburg; and the white horse in
red represents Westphalia; in the center
another shield with Charlemagne's crown in gold.
Jaume Ollé, 29 June 1998
I would think that the crown on the escutcheon should not be
St. Edward's crown but the Hanoverian royal
crown (thus having five visible arches and with neither crosses formy
or fleurs-de-lys).
Santiago Dotor, 20 September 2000
I think so too. Louda 1981, p. 197 and Brooke-Little's Royal Heraldry,
1981 both show the Hanoverian crown, the former on the coat-of-arms of Hanover,
the latter on the 1815-1837 British arms. The details are not so clear in Louda,
but I think the same crown is intended; in any event, five arches and no
fleurs-de-lys).
Norman Martin, 20 September 2000
A better image is available
at the Die Welfen website of the
Hanover family, probably from Schnath 1961.
Santiago Dotor, 16 October 2000
Symposium Conservation of Flags shows an image of a somewhat damaged British Royal Standard 1818-1837, which clearly confirms that our image of the 1801 standard has the wrong type of crown, while the 1816 standard is quite close. Furthermore, it shows a different shield-type for the heart-shield. Also, while in general our lions are wider than those in other images, the lions on this actual flag are only 1/3rd of the field they are in. (Judging from their 3D style I'd say they are appliqué, and probably used for a wide variety of field-sized. [Neubecker (1932)]
The 1816 standard continued.
The 1816 standard continued.
![[Standard Queen Adelaide, 1830-1837]](../images/g/gb_roadel.gif)
image by Klaus-Michael Schneider, 25 October 2008
Based on illustrations by Theo van der Zalm modified by Santiago Dotor
Royal Standard of Queen Adelaide (b13.8.1792; dd 2.12.1849)
Adelaide
was married to William IV and was Queen from 1830 until 1837. Her parents were
members of the families of Sachsen-Meiningen and Hohenlohe-Langenberg. Adelaide
established St.Paul's Cathedral in Malta by spending her own property.
Description of flag:
The dexter half (hoist) is the coat of arms of a
member of Royal family of the house of Hannover. The sinister half (fly) is the
greater coat of arms of the duchy of Sachsen-Meiningen. The dexter half consists
of four quarters superimposed by an inescutcheon tierced(?) with an inner
inescutcheon and topped by a crown. The sinister half consists of three times
six, i.e. eighteen quarters. The flag has a bordure of alternating red and
yellow segments except hoist.
Source:
I spotted
this flag in St. Pauls Pro cathedral in
Valletta (Malta) on 25 September 2008. Surfing on Anglican church webpages, I
found out that it was Queen Adelaide's standard.
Klaus-Michael Schneider,
25 October 2008
The Standard of Queen Adelaide was hers during the years in which her husband – King William IV – reigned,
and following his death she remained “Queen” Adelaide until she died in 1849 – the Standard of the wife of a monarch is personal not positional.
Christopher Southworth, 26 February 2018
Key to quartering of Queen Adelaide's flag
![[Standard Queen Adelaide, 1830-1837]](../images/g/gb_rad_nos.gif)
| 1 | Kingdom of England | red | three yellow statant leopards |
| 2 | Kingdom of Scotland | yellow | red rampant lion with red double tressure and red fleur de lys upon tressure |
| 3 | Kingdom of Ireland | blue | yellow harp |
| 4 | Kingdom of England | red | three yellow statant leopards(=1) |
| 5 | Duchy of Braunschweig(Brunswick) | red | two yellow statant leopards |
| 6 | Duchy of Lüneburg | yellow | blue rampant lion, crowned and armed red surrounded by 8 red hearts |
| 7 | Duchy of Westfalen(Westphalia) | red | white tripping horse |
| 8 | Holy Roman Empire | red | yellow crown of Karl der Große/Charle Magne |
| 9 | Landgraviate of Thüringen(Thuringia) | blue | rampant lion 7-times divided per fess into white and red, crowned yellow |
| 10 | Duchy of Cleve | red | yellow cross fleury and yellow saltire, both centred, superimposed by white inescutcheon |
| 11 | Marquisate of Meissen | yellow | black rampant lion |
| 12 | Duchy of Jülich | yellow | black rampant lion, crowned and armed red |
| 13 | Duchy of Sachsen(Saxony) | black | six yellow barrulets superimposed by green diadem |
| 14 | Duchy of Berg | white | red rampant lion, crowned and armed blue |
| 15 | Palatinate of Sachsen(Saxony) | blue | yellow eagle |
| 16 | County of Landsberg | yellow | two blue pallets |
| 17 | Palatinate of Thüringen(Thuringia) | black | yellow eagle |
| 18 | County of Orlamünde | yellow | black rampant lion, crowned and armed red surrounded by 8 red hearts |
| 19 | Seigneurie of Eisenberg | white | three blue bars |
| 20 | Seigneurie of Pleissen | blue | rampant lion, divided per pale into yellow and white |
| 21 | Pal.County of Altenburg | white | red rose |
| 22 | empty field | red | none |
| 23 | County of Brena | white | three red hearty leaves |
| 24 | County of Mark | yellow | three times seven chequered white and red bar |
| 25d | Seigneurie of Römhild | red | white pillar crowned yellow |
| 25s | Princ.County of Henneberg | yellow | a black hen upon a green coupeau |
| 26 | County of Ravensberg | white | three red chevrons |
Source: based on the information given in Ströhl (1997)
Klaus-Michael Schneider, 25 October 2008
Continued as Queen Victoria and House of Saxe-Coburg/Windsor
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